生物活性有机肥“红土运”对番茄根结线虫病抑制的初步研究

Preliminary Study on the Inhibition Effect of Bio-active Organic Fertilizer“Hongtu-Yun”on Tomato Root-knot Nematode Disease

【目的】探明生物活性有机肥“红土运”对番茄根结线虫病的抑制效果。【方法】室内测定生物活性有机肥“红土运”不同浓度浸出液对根结线虫虫卵孵化的影响,以及对2龄幼虫(J2)的致死作用;温室盆栽试验采用不同施肥方式,考察生物活性有机肥“红土运”对番茄植株生长状况,以及对根结线虫病的抑制效果。【结果】120、160、200 g/L生物活性有机肥“红土运”浸出液处理36 h对南方根结线虫J2幼虫的校正死亡率分别达62.6%、79.6%、84.5%,处理7 d虫卵孵化率仅为6.00%、2.66%、2.67%,与清水对照差异显著。温室盆栽试验表明,生物活性有机肥“红土运”基肥80 g处理与阿维菌素处理的防治效果无显著差异,抑制效果(相对防效)达到80.3%;表面撒施80 g、作基肥和表面撒施各施40 g处理,根结指数显著降低,相对防效分别为56.6%、47.4%。与对照相比,生物活性有机肥“红土运”可有效增加植株株高、茎粗和地上部分生物量及减轻植株根坏死率。【结论】生物活性有机肥“红土运”对番茄根结线虫病有良好抑制效果,为“红土运”的推广和番茄的安全优质生产提供理论依据。

【Objective】The objective was to investigate the inhibition effect of bio-active organic fertilizer“Hongtu-Yun”on tomato root-knot nematode disease.【Method】The laboratory experiment was conducted to determine the leachates of bio-active organic fertilizer“Hongtu-Yun”with different concentrations on eggs hatch of root knot nematodes and lethal effect on 2 instar(J2)larvae,and the inhibition effect of“Hongtu-Yun”on tomato plant growth and root knot nematode disease were observed by pot experiments with different way of fertilization.【Result】After being treated by leachates with concentrations of 120,160 and 200 g/L for 36 h,the mortality of J2 larvae was 62.6%,79.6%and 84.5%,respectively.And after being treated under the same condition for 7 h,the hatching rates of eggs were 6.00%,2.66%and 2.67%,respectively.Both the mortality and the hatching rate of all treatment groups showed significant differences in comparison with distilled water control group.Pot experiments indicated that“Hongtu-Yun”could significantly suppressed root-knot nematode disease.The relative control efficiency of 80 g“Hongtu-Yun”used as base fertilizer was 80.3%,which had no significant difference with that of abamectin treatment.The relative control efficiencies of other two treatments(surface broadcasting of 80 g“Hongtu-Yun”,and surface broadcasting of 40 g“Hongtu-Yun”with 40 g“Hongtu-Yun”used as base fertilizer)were 56.6%and 47.4%,with significant decreased root-knot index.Moreover,the application of“Hongtu-Yun”promoted the growth of tomatoes including the plant height,the stem diameter,and the aboveground part biomass and decreased the necrosis rate of roots.【Conclusion】The bio-active organic fertilizer“Hongtu-Yun”has a good control effect on tomato root-knot nematodes,which can provide a theoretical basis for the promotion of“Hongtu-Yun”and the safe and high-quality production of tomatoes.