经济安全化与霸权的网络性权力

Securitization of Economic Issues and the Network Power of Hegemony

经济安全化是近年来霸权国对外政策的突出特征,表现为借安全理由将不对称的相互依赖关系武器化,切断网络连线来破坏他国日渐成长的权力基础。作者考察了霸权经济安全化的动因、机制与影响,进而探究霸权采取经济安全化手段威胁或实际切断他国对外联系会夯实还是侵蚀自身网络性权力的基础。所谓网络性权力是指依托网络结构的不对称性控制节点及其连线的能力,具体包括节点的主导地位、连线的联系程度以及掌控节点及其连线的权威性和合法性。通过在理论框架中引入苏珊·斯特兰奇的知识结构概念,作者将霸权国使用网络性权力的"断网"行为进一步刻画为对国际经济网络中知识要素流动的干扰。对高科技产业链网络、国际金融网络和国际网络空间的案例分析发现:从整体和长期来看,经济安全化的"断网""脱钩"行为会破坏霸权网络性权力的知识、物理和法理基础,产生霸权侵蚀效应。辨明经济安全化与霸权网络性权力兴衰的关系,对于理解当下国际环境中的大国博弈动态具有理论与现实意义。

Securitization of economic issues is an increasingly salient phenomenon in the hegemony’s foreign policies,which appears as resorting to network power for security,weaponizing interdependence and severing economic network edges to break other countries’understructure of power growth.By exploring the motivation,mechanisms and influence of the hegemony’s resorting to securitization of economic issues from the perspectives of network power,we attempt to explain whether such behaviors would strengthen or weaken the very foundation of network power itself.Network power means the capacity of controlling nodes and their edges in the network through the asymmetric networked structure.It consists of the centrality of nodes,the strength of edges and the legitimacy of controlling nodes.Incorporating Susan Strange’s concept of knowledge structure in our theoretical framework,we further depict the act of severing network edges as disruption of the flow of knowledge elements amid international economic networks.The chosen case studies on the high-tech supply chain network,the international financial network and the international cyberspace show that,taking a long-run and overall view,securitization of economic issues might undermine the hegemony’s network power in terms of substance,knowledge and legitimacy.To clarify the relationship between securitization of economic issues and the dynamic of the hegemony’s network power is conducive to getting a refined understanding of the current great power game.