摘要
The cold sintering process(CSP)and Bi_(2)O_(3)-activated liquid-phase sintering(LPS)are combined to densify Mg-doped NASICON(Na_(3.256)Mg_(0.128)Zr_(1.872)Si_(2)PO_(12))to achieve high densities and conductivities at reduced temperatures.As an example,a cold-sintered specimen with the addition of 1.1wt%Bi_(2)O_(3)sintering additive achieved a high conductivity of 0.91 mS/cm(with~96%relative density)after annealing at 1000℃;this conductivity is>70%higher than that of a cold-sintered specimen without adding the Bi_(2)O_(3)sintering additive,and it is>700%of the conductivity of a dry-pressed counterpart with the same amount of Bi_(2)O_(3)added,all of which are subjected to the same heating profile.The highest conductivity achieved in this study via combining CSP and Bi_(2)O_(3)-activated LSP is>1.5 mS/cm.This study suggests an opportunity to combine the new CSP with the traditional LPS to sinter solid electrolytes to achieve high densities and conductivities at reduced temperatures.This combined CSP-LPS approach can be extended to a broad range of other materials to fabricate the“thermally fragile”solid electrolytes or solid-state battery systems,where reducing the processing temperature is often desirable.
基金
acknowledge partial support by a Vannevar Bush Faculty Fellowship sponsored by the Basic Research Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering and funded by the Office of Naval Research through grant N00014-16-1-2569.
