电子废物的挑战与归趋:废物-资源-再生材料-环境

Challenges and Trends in E-waste:Waste,Resources,Materials and Environment

电子废物中含有大量的贱、稀贵、稀散金属、各种塑料,有的还有含铅玻璃、阻燃剂、氟利昂(CFC-11)等毒害物质。电子废物既是重要的“二次资源”,又是“危险废物”,其资源化处理有别于金属矿藏开采和危险废物处置,涉及到环境、资源等国计民生重要领域。电子废物处理处置面临的挑战是如何实现绿色、高效、高值资源化循环再利用、信息化大数据管控。本文从电子废物循环利用的资源性、再生材料的高值利用、处理技术与装备的先进性、污染控制的环境友好性出发,提出今后的研究方向及电子废物的归趋。

E-waste contains many cheap,rare,scattered metals and various valuable plastics,as well as leaded glass,flame retardants,Freon(CFC-11)and other toxic substances.E-waste is not only an important“secondary resource”,but also a“hazardous waste”.The recycling treatment of e-waste is different from metal mining and hazardous waste disposal,which relates to the environment,resources and other important fields of national economy and people’s livelihood.The challenge of e-waste treatment and disposal is how to achieve green,efficient,high-value resource utilization as well as information management and control.In this paper,the future research direction and the trend of e-waste are put forward from the perspective of the recycling resource of e-waste,the high value utilization of materials,the advanced treatment technology and equipment,and the environmental friendliness of pollution control.