无机膜在脱盐应用中的研究

Application of Inorganic Membrane in Desalination

水资源短缺问题已成为全球共同关注的问题。无机膜化学稳定性好、耐腐蚀、较高的机械强度以及可在高温等苛刻条件下使用等优点,使其在脱盐领域具有广阔的应用前景。有机膜除了传统的陶瓷膜外,碳基材料等由于其可调的纳米结构以及优异的性能,逐渐成为无机膜领域的研究热点。为了更好地了解不同种类无机膜的特性,拓展无机膜材料在脱盐中的应用。首先对无机膜的分类、理化性质、制备方法、盐滞留机理进行阐述;其次重点对无机膜在脱盐应用中的进展进行综述;最后对其未来在水处理领域的发展趋势做了展望。

At present,the problem of water shortage has become a global concern.Inorganic membranes have good chemical stability,corrosion resistance,high mechanical strength,and can be used under severe conditions such as high temperature.Therefore,inorganic membranes have broad application prospects in the field of desalination.In addition to traditional ceramic films,carbon-based material has gradually become research hotspots in the field of inorganic films due to their tunable nanostructures and excellent properties.In order to better understand the characteristics of different types of inorganic membranes and expand the application of inorganic membrane materials in desalination,the classification,physical and chemical properties,preparation methods and retainment mechanism of inorganic membranes were elaborated in detail.Secondly,the progress in application of desalination of inorganic membranes was summarized.Finally,the development of inorganic membranes in the future in the field of water treatment was prospected.