北京内城河湖水质情况分析及思考

Analysis and Reflection on the Water Quality of Rivers and Lakes in the Inner City of Beijing

北京内城河湖主要由西海、后海、前海、北海、核心区、筒子河等中心区水域组成,总面积12 km^(2),水面累计144万m^(2),总蓄水量240万m^(3),是北京市重点风景游览区和心脏地带。内城河湖为人工水系,其形成方式、水源补给方式均受人工调控影响。随着时间的推移,内城河湖经历了发展、变迁、治理等不同的历程,由基本防护功能水系演变为防汛重点部位和水环境重点保护对象。通过测定近几年内城河湖各水域监测点的水质指标,在数据收集整理基础上,全面分析内城河湖的水质情况,建议通过增加内城河湖水体监测频次、合理调度上游水资源和有效采取物理、生物、生态等治理措施,不断提升内城河湖水质,最终实现内城河湖水环境的可持续发展。

The rivers and lakes in the inner city of Beijing are mainly composed of some central areas of Xihai,Houhai,Qianhai,Beihai and Tongzihe River with a total area of 12 km^(2),a total water surface of 1.44 million m^(2) and a total water storage of 2.4 million m^(3).Located in the heart of the city,it is the key scenic tourist area.The inner rivers and lakes are artificial water systems whose formation and water supply modes are affected by artificial regulation.With the passage of time,the rivers and lakes in the inner city have gone through different stages of development,change and management and evolved from the basic protection function water system to the key parts of flood control and the key projects of water environment protection.Through measuring the water quality indexes of monitoring points of the rivers and lakes in the inner city of recent years and based on the collected data,the water quality of the lake is analyzed comprehensively.It is suggested to increase the monitoring frequency of the rivers and lakes in the inner city,dispatch the upstream water resource reasonably,take the physical,biological,ecological and other governance measures effectively,improve the water quality of the rivers and lakes continuously,and finally realize the sustainable develop of the water environment of the rivers and lakes in the inner city.