产前护理干预对妊娠期糖尿病产妇血糖控制及妊娠结局的影响

Effect of Prenatal Nursing Intervention on Blood Glucose Control and Pregnancy Outcome of Gestational Diabetic Women

目的研究产前护理干预对妊娠期糖尿病产妇血糖控制及妊娠结局的影响。方法选取2018年2月—2019年1月院内收治的妊娠期糖尿病产妇124例作为观察对象,利用随机分配法为产妇实施小组分配,共分两个小组,将其分别命名为研究组(62例)、对照组(62例),将产前护理干预实施于研究组,常规护理实施于对照组,利用护理依从性、新生儿并发症发生率、产妇并发症发生率、剖宫产率及护理前后血糖水平、HbA1c指标判断护理效果。结果护理前,两组产妇血糖水平、HbA1c差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),护理后,研究组产妇空腹血糖水平、餐后2 h血糖水平、HbA1c指标(4.61±0.65)mmol/L、(6.28±2.27)mmol/L、(6.28±2.35)%均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=4.140、4.452、2.582,P<0.05)。研究组护理依从率98.39%相比对照组具有优势,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=23.540,P<0.05),研究组产妇并发症发生率1.61%、剖宫产率48.39%优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=15.338、8.702,P<0.05),研究组新生儿并发症发生率3.23%低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.052,P<0.05)。结论在妊娠期糖尿病产妇护理中实施产前护理干预,能够有效减轻产妇的负性情绪,稳定产妇的血糖水平,降低并发症发生率,值得临床应用。

Objective To study the effect of prenatal nursing intervention on blood glucose control and pregnancy outcome of gestational diabetic women.Methods A total of 124 pregnant women with gestational diabetes who were admitted in the hospital from February 2018 to January 2019 were selected as the observation objects.The women were assigned to the group by random allocation method.They were divided into two groups and named the study group(62 cases),the control group(62 cases),implemented prenatal care intervention in the study group,and routine care in the control group,using nursing compliance,neonatal complication rate,maternal complication rate,cesarean section rate and the blood glucose level,HbA1c index before and after nursing care to judged the nursing effect.Results Before nursing,there was no statistically significant difference in blood glucose levels and HbA1c between the two groups of women(P>0.05).After nursing,the study group's fasting blood glucose level,2 h postprandial blood glucose level,HbA1c index(4.61±0.65)mmol/L,(6.28±2.27)mmol/L,(6.28±2.35)%were better than those of the control group.The difference was statistically significant(t=4.140,4.452,2.582,P<0.05).The nursing compliance rate of the study group was 98.39%compared with the control group,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=23.540,P<0.05).The study group’s maternal complication rate was 1.61%and the cesarean section rate was 48.39%higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=15.338,8.702,P<0.05).The incidence of neonatal complications in the study group was 3.23%lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=8.052,P<0.05).Conclusion The implementation of prenatal care intervention in the nursing of pregnant women with diabetes can effectively reduce the negative emotion of the pregnant women,stabilize the blood glucose level of the pregnant women,and reduce the incidence of complications.It is worthy of clinical application.