某型火箭发动机点火器故障分析与改进

Failure Analysis and Improvement forRocket Engine Igniter

火药点火器是我国现役新型运载火箭氢氧发动机的重要件,为火箭发动机提供初始点火能源。由于液态氢氧温度极低,导致该点火器工作前处于极低温环境。该产品具有火药燃气流量大、温度低、产物清洁度高等特性,为产品的研制带来很大的难度。经过技术攻关,基本解决了上述问题,但在后续试验过程中,又暴露低温工作可靠性低的问题。针对低温工作出现故障的问题进行故障分析与诊断,通过理论分析探究影响点火性能的影响因素,最后,通过试验验证主要影响点火性能的影响因素。本文介绍的分析故障、优化改进的思路,也为其他型号相似结构的产品可靠性提升提供了借鉴。

The gunpowder igniter is an important part of the new-type carrier rocket oxyhydrogen engine in service in my country,which provides the initial ignition energy for the rocket engine.Due to the extremely low temperature of liquid hydrogen and oxygen,the igniter was in an extremely low temperature environment before it worked.The product has the characteristics of large gunpowder gas flow,low temperature and high product cleanliness,which brings great difficulties to the development of the product.After technical research,the above-mentioned problems were basically solved,but in the follow-up test process,the problem of low low-temperature working reliability was exposed.In view of the problem of failure in low temperature operation,fault analysis and diagnosis are carried out,and the influencing factors that affect the ignition performance are explored through theoretical analysis.Finally,the influencing factors that mainly affect the ignition performance are verified through experiments.The idea of analyzing faults and optimizing improvements introduced in this article also provides a reference for improving the reliability of other products with similar structures.