网络服务提供者保证人义务的理论展开

The Theoretical Development of the Guarantor's Obligation of Network Service Provider

在我国的“网络用户+网络服务提供者并行管控模式”下,网络服务提供者自起步时就承担了协助管理义务。网络服务提供者承担的法律义务是国家整体法秩序的重要环节,因此它不仅是民法、行政法调整的对象,也是刑法规制的内容。由于法律法规规定的信息网络安全管理义务并不能当然适用刑法上的保证人义务,因此需要基于主体的技术属性进一步提出差异化的解决方案。其中,物理层网络服务提供者一般不具备保证人地位;应用层网络服务提供者只有被动性的义务;平台服务提供者的保证人义务包括两类,一是主动确保用户信息安全的义务,二是被动排除他人侵害的义务。

Under the mode of managing both network users and network service providers in China,network service providers have assumed the responsibility of assisting management since the beginning of development.The legal obligations assumed by network service providers are an important part of the national overall law,which is the content of civil law,administrative law,and criminal law.Since the information network security management obligation stipulated by laws and regulations cannot be a guarantor obligation in the criminal law,it is necessary to further propose differentiated solutions.Physical layer network service providers generally do not have the status of guarantor,and application layer network service providers have only passive obligations.The guarantor's obligations of platform service providers include two categories:one is the obligation to actively ensure the security of user information,and the other is the obligation to passively exclude others from infringement.