膳食干预联合小剂量铁剂改善婴幼儿营养性缺铁性贫血的价值

Dietary intervention combined with low-dose iron to improve nutritional iron deficiency anemia in infants

目的观察膳食干预联合小剂量铁剂改善婴幼儿营养性缺铁性贫血(IDA)的效果。方法选取2018年6月~2020年6月广东省肇庆市第二人民医院儿保科和儿科门诊收治的124例6~24个月诊断为营养性缺铁性贫血患儿,采用随机数字表法分为试验组(75例)和对照组(49例)。两组均给予小剂量铁剂治疗,试验组由接诊医师和营养师进行膳食干预,对照组不给予膳食干预。两组均治疗1个疗程。对比两组患儿治疗前后的相关实验室指标、身高、体重、神经心理发育评分。结果治疗后两组患儿的血红蛋白(HB)、平均红细胞容积(MCV)、平均红细胞HB含量(MCH)、平均红细胞HB浓度(MCHC)、血清铁蛋白(SF)、身高、体重、神经心理发育评分均高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患儿HB、MCV、MCH、MCHC、SF对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后试验组患儿体重、神经心理发育评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论膳食干预联合小剂量铁剂改善婴幼儿营养性缺铁性贫血的相关实验室指标与单用小剂量铁剂的疗效一致,但膳食干预联合小剂量铁剂在短期内改善缺铁性贫血患儿的体重、神经心理发育评分的效果更好,值得推广。

Objective To observe the effect of dietary intervention combined with low-dose iron to improve nutritional iron deficiency anemia(IDA)in infants.Methods A total of 124 children who were six to twenty-four months old were selected which were diagnosed with nutritional iron deficiency anemia in pediatrics and pediatric outpatient department of the Second People′s Hospital of Zhaoqing in Guangdong Province from June 2018 to June 2020.They were divided into an experimental group(75 cases)and a control group(49 cases)according to random number table method.Both groups were treated with low dose iron.Dietary intervention was given on the experimental group by attending physician and dietitian.The control group was not given dietary intervention.Both groups were treated for one course of treatment.The laboratory indexes,height,weight and neuropsychological development scores of the two groups before and after treatment were compared.Results The hemoglobin(HB),mean erythrocyte volume(MCV),mean erythrocyte hemoglobin content(MCH),mean erythrocyte hemoglobin concentration(MCHC),serum ferritin(SF),height,weight and neuropsychological development scores were higher than those before treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in HB,MCV,MCH,MCHC,SF between the two groups after treatment(P>0.05);weight and neuropsychological development scores in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Dietary intervention combined with low-dose iron to improve nutritional iron deficiency anemia in infants related laboratory indicators are consistent with the efficacy of low-dose iron alone,but dietary intervention combined with low-dose iron in the short term can improve the weight of iron deficiency anemia children,neuropsychological development score is better,and it is worth popularizing.