新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间呼吸科门诊患者的焦虑抑郁现状调查及相关影响因素分析

Investigation and influencing factors of anxiety and depression status of outpatients in respiratory department during the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic

目的观察新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间北京市垂杨柳医院呼吸科门诊就诊患者的焦虑、抑郁现状,并针对焦虑、抑郁患者分析影响因素。方法选取2020年1~3月在北京市垂杨柳医院呼吸科门诊就诊的200例患者作为研究对象,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)进行焦虑、抑郁测评,针对焦虑、抑郁患者采用单因素分析可能影响的因素,对差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)的指标进一步行多因素分析影响因素。结果北京市垂杨柳医院呼吸科门诊就诊患者SAS评分(42.87±10.33)分,焦虑症状检出率26.0%;SDS评分(44.81±10.51)分,抑郁症状检出率为28.0%。单因素分析结果提示,外出工作、自费、睡眠障碍与居家、非自费、无睡眠障碍的患者发生焦虑的占比比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);外出工作、自费、月收入<6000元与居家、非自费、月收入≥6000元患者在发生抑郁患者的占比比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素分析结果提示,外出工作(OR=2.439,95%CI=1.726~4.543,β=0.917,P=0.007)、自费(OR=2.073,95%CI=1.234~3.250,β=0.728,P=0.005)是疫情期间呼吸科门诊患者发生焦虑的危险因素(P<0.05);自费(OR=2.087,95%CI=1.527~3.780,β=1.073,P=0.012)、月收入<6000元(OR=2.395,95%CI=1.459~4.512,β=0.837,P=0.021)是疫情期间呼吸科门诊患者发生抑郁的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间呼吸科门诊就诊的患者焦虑、抑郁症状发生率高,疫情期间外出工作和自费增加焦虑风险,而自费、月收入<6000元增加抑郁风险,医务人员应多关注这部分患者的心理状态,及早识别并重视相关易感因素的评估。

Objective To observe anxiety and depression status of outpatients in the Department of Respiratory Medicine,Beijing Chuiyangliu Hospital during the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia and analyze the influencing factors for anxiety and depression patients.Methods A total of 200 patients who visited the respiratory outpatient of Beijing Chuiyangliu Hospital from January 2020 to March 2020 were selected as the research objects.Both of self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)were used to evaluate anxiety and depression status.For patients with anxiety,depression,using single factor analysis may affect factors,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05)indicators further lines of multi-factor analysis of influencing factors.Results SAS scores of the outpatients in the respiratory department of Beijing Chuiyangliu Hospital was(42.87±10.33)points,the detection rate of anxiety symptoms was 26.0%.SDS score was(44.81±10.51)points,and the detection rate of depression symptoms was 28.0%.The results of univariate analysis indicated that there were statistically significant differences in the incidence of anxiety among patients with working outside,self-paying,sleep disorder and those with home,non-self-paying,and no sleep disorder(P<0.05).Go out to work,at his own expense and income<6000 yuan/month and that occupy the home,not at his own expense and income≥6000 yuan/month chances in depressed patients,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of multivariate analysis suggested that working out(OR=2.439,95%CI=1.726-4.543,β=0.917,P=0.007)and self-paying(OR=2.073,95%CI=1.234-3.250,β=0.728,P=0.005)were risk factors for anxiety in outpatient patients of respiratory department during the epidemic period(P<0.05).Self-pay(OR=2.087,95%CI=1.527-3.780,β=1.073,P=0.012)and income<6000 yuan/month(OR=2.395,95%CI=1.459-4.512,β=0.837,P=0.021)were risk factors for depression in outpatient patients of respiratory department during the epidemic period(P<0.05).Conclusion During the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic,there are more anxiety and depression among patients in the respiratory outpatient.Self-financed patients,who need to go out with touching strangers are at high risk of anxiety,self-paying patients with income<6000 yuan/month increased the risk of depression.Medical staff should pay more attention to the psychological state of these patients,identify and attach importance to the assessment of related susceptibility factors as soon as possible.