摘要
SIGNAL 1 ALONE IS ENOUGH TO ACTIVATE THE NLRP3 INFLAMMAOSME IN HUMAN CELLS According to our current understanding,the NLR family,pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3)infl ammasome activation is generally a two-step process.The fi rst step is priming,in which pathogen associated molecular patterns(PAMPs)such as LPS or pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)induced NF-κB activation provides synthesis of pro-IL-1βand NLRP3 proteins.This priming step is considered as signal 1,which makes the cell ready for a second strike to assemble the infl ammasome.Then danger signals such as ATP and MSU provide the signal 2 that promotes formation of the NLRP3 infl ammasome and activates caspase-1.Both of these 2 steps are required in mouse macrophages for the NLRP3 inflammasome activation(Dinarello,2007).
基金
This work was supported by grants from 100 Talent Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.91029707,31170868,812111134,and 31100622)
SASIBS Scholarship Program,Chinese Post-doctoral Science Foundation(No.20110490752)
Post-doctoral research foundation of Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences(No.2011KIP513)
the National Science and Technology Key Project(No.2012ZX10002007-003)
as well as the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams.