深层生态学视域下的生态公民观念

A Study of Ecological Citizenship from the Perspective of Deep Ecology

生态公民是21世纪绿色发展的新兴议题,是新时代生态文明建设的主体力量。生态公民观念将环境意义上的"生态"与政治领域中的"公民"结合,既包含原有公民身份的内容,又体现出深层生态学所促进的全球绿色发展的社会背景下对公民身份的超越。生态公民对公民身份的超越,表现在生态公民在公民权利与义务、公民的地域范围、公民的人群构成及道德的关怀对象范畴上对公民身份所进行的扩展。为了更好地促进人与自然的和谐共生,从深层生态学视域思考生态公民的存在,主要分为生态公民对人与自然关系的认识凸显为整体与共生、生态公民应遵循的原则是平等与自我实现、生态公民的实现途径是亲近自然与生态认同、生态公民的行为模式是简约节制与保护式发展几个方面。

“Ecological citizen”,an emerging concept in the field of green development in the 21st century,combines“ecology”in the environmental field with“citizen”in the political field,which not only contains the content of the definition of citizen,but also reflects the transcendence of citizenship under the social background of global green development promoted by deep ecology.The transcendence is reflected in the expansion in terms of citizens'rights and obligations,citizens'geographical scope,group composition and objects of moral concern.In order to better promote the harmonious coexistence of human and nature,it is essential to reflect on the citizen identity from the perspective of deep ecology.In the eyes of ecological citizens,the relationship between human and nature is characterized by integration and symbiosis.As the major force of ecological civilization construction in the new era,ecological citizens should follow the principle of equality and personal fulfillment.To be ecological citizens,citizens should be close to nature and be aware of their ecological identities.In the light of deep ecology,an ecological citizen's behavior pattern features simplicity,restraint and protective development.