传染性公共卫生事件防控期间临床护士的心理应激现状调查

Investigation on psychological stress of clinical nurses at the period of prevention and control of infectious public health events

目的调查临床护士在传染性公共卫生事件传染性公共卫生事件中的心理应激状况,分析其影响因素。方法采用横断面研究方法,选择COVID-19防控期间的临床护士512名,通过症状自评量表(SCL-90)调查心理健康状况,了解疫情期间临床护士的心理应激状况及其影响因素。结果临床护士的SCL-90总得分,高于全国常模(P<0.05)。其中,强迫、焦虑、恐怖因子分高于SARS护士,躯体化、强迫、焦虑、恐怖因子分高于护士常模(P<0.05)。因子阳性患者占比最高的前3个因子依次是强迫(28.91%)、其他(反映睡眠和饮食,20.70%)和躯体化(20.31%),阳性因子均分最高的前3个因子依次是精神病性、人际关系敏感和敌对。多元线性回归分析显示,生育情况、文化程度、是否传染病应急库成员是临床护士心理健康状况的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论COVID-19突发传染性公共卫生事件中,临床护士存在一定的心理应激压力,建议护理管理者在疫情防控期间采取针对性的策略,减轻护士心理压力。

Objective To investigate the psychological stress of clinical nurses in the infectious public hygiene emergencies caused by Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19),and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods A cross-sectional survey was performed for 512 nurses who were on duty at the epidemic period of COVID-19,the mental health status was investigated by Symptom Check List 90(SCL-90)to investigate the psychological stress of clinical nurses and its influencing factors.Results The total scores of SCL-90 of clinical nurses were(136.01±43.50)points,which were significantly higher than those[(129.96±38.26)points]of the national norm(P<0.05).The scores of compulsion,anxiety and phobia were significantly higher than those of the nurses at SARS,and the scores of somatization,compulsion,anxiety and phobia were significantly higher than those of common nurses(P<0.05).The top three factors in the nurses with positive foctors were compulsion(28.91%),others(sleep and diet,20.70%)and somatization(20.31%).The top three factors in the nurses with the highest points of positive factors were psychosis(2.63±0.42),interpersonal sensitivity(2.58±0.48)and hostility(2.57±0.57).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that fertility,education level and whether they were the members of infectious disease emergency bank were the influencing factors on the mental health of clinical nurses(P<0.05).Conclusion During the infectious public hygiene emergencies caused by COVID-19,clinical nurses have certain psychological stress.It is suggested that nursing administrators should take targeted measures at the period of prevention and control of epidemic situation to alleviate the psychological stress of clinical nurses.