兆瓦级风力发电机组主轴强度分析及优化研究

Strength analysis and optimization on main shaft of MW wind turbine

为了对某兆瓦级风力发电机组主轴结构进行精细化及高可靠性设计,提出了一种基于WorkBench平台的主轴强度分析及结构优化方法。首先,建立了含附件的主轴计算有限元模型,采用层状体模型模拟了滚子轴承,并根据IEC标准计算了主轴的极限静强度和疲劳强度;然后对两个区域的结构热点位置相关设计变量进行了参数化处理,采用拉丁超立方法进行了试验设计,之后建立了响应面模型,并且对该模型进行了分析;最后,采用多目标优化算法,以等效应力及重力最小为目标,先后对两个区域进行了优化,并加以验证。研究结果表明:经过优化设计后,主轴的质量减少了2%,最大等效应力减少了8%,疲劳安全余量提高了16.56%,主轴的可靠性及经济性得到了一定程度的提高。

In order to carry out a precise and high-reliability design for the main shaft of MW wind turbine,a strength analysis and optimization method was proposed based on WorkBench.Firstly,The finite element model of main shaft with accessories was established,a lamina model was used to simulate bearing,and the ultimate strength and fatigue strength of the main shaft were calculated according to IEC standard.Then the relevant design variables were defined and parameterized according to the hot spot's location,and the response surfaces model were built and analyzed by using the DOE method of LHS.To minimize the weight and equivalent stress,a multi-objective optimization algorithm was used to optimize and the results were verified.The results show that the mass of main shaft is reduced by 2%after optimization,the maximum stress is reduced by 8%,and the safety margin of fatigue increased by 16.56%.The reliability and economy of main shaft have been improved.