嵌段共聚物自组装薄膜中纳米结构的形成及应用

Formation and applications of nanostructures in self-assembled thin films of block copolymers

嵌段共聚物在固体基底上可通过多种技术形成薄膜,如铸膜、涂膜、浸渍膜及旋涂膜。借助于热退火、溶剂蒸气退火或者非溶剂引起的相分离,在这些薄膜中可形成有序纳米结构,如柱状结构、层状结构、双连续结构和多孔结构等。这些结构在下一代的光刻技术、光子晶体、与锂离子电池等相关的离子传输、分离和催化等领域都有重要的潜在应用。本文介绍了近年来这方面的研究进展,旨在为进一步的探讨提供参考。

Various thin films of block copolymers,such as casting films,coating films,dipping films and spin-coating films have been fabricated on solid substrates.Ordered nanostructures,including hexagonal packed cylinders,parallel lamellae,bicontinuous and porous structures have been obtained through thermal annealing or solvent vapor annealing induced microphase separation between the blocks and nonsolvent induced phase separation.These nanostructures have important potential applications in various areas,such as nanolithography,photonic crystals,ion transport,separation and catalysis.Here the research progress in this field in recent years was introduced,hopefully being useful for the further investigation and application.