基于“深地-地表”联动的深地科学与地灾防控技术体系初探

A Preliminary Study on the Technical System of Deep Earth Science and Geo Disaster Prevention-Control Based on the"Deep Earth-Surface"Linkage Strategy

地球是已知的唯一适合人类生存的行星,揭示地球深部奥秘对于人类生存与发展具有重大意义。随着人类社会的快速发展,地震地质灾害频繁发生,深地工程动力灾害事故更加凸显,且机理不清,难以预测和有效防控,其根本原因在于,人类无法准确认知地球科学基础规律及地球深部过程与浅表层过程的耦合关系;现有地球深部基础科学研究已滞后于人类深部工程实践活动,传统地质灾害信息的浅表监测存在较大局限。在此基础上,开展深地科学探索与地质灾害防控联动技术研究对解决资源保障、生命演化与可持续发展等重大科学问题具有重要意义。“深地-地表”联动战略体系以深入理解深地科学与地质灾害内在联系,进行深地科学与地质灾害领域的超前战略谋划为核心目标,通过基于典型深部工程的“深地-地表”联动科学研究平台,充分关联中国广布的地表灾害信息监测群和纵深的深地科学实验室、矿区及深地工程示范基地,借助区块链大数据技术,建设“深地-地表”智慧中心,统筹不同区域、不同类型、不同深度研究平台;最终,在此基础之上,以“深地-地表”联动为核心,建设“深地-地表”地灾防控联动探测大科学系统,全面构建深地科学规律及重大地质灾害孕灾机制战略研究体系,服务全国乃至全球的深地科学前沿探索、深地工程的安全与长期稳定性、重大地质灾害预警与防控,助力中国领跑世界深地科学和地质灾害的相关领域研究。

Earth is the only known planet to support human life,thus revealing the mysteries of the deep earth is of great significance to the survival and development of mankind.With the rapid development of human society,earthquakes and geological disasters occur frequently,and dynamic disasters occurred in deep earth engineering are more prominent,which are of unclear mechanism and difficult to predict or prevent effectively.The ultimate cause is that the humans cannot accurately recognize the basic laws of earth science and the coupling relationship between deep earth processes and shallow surface processes.The existing basic scientific researches on deep earth has lagged behind the human practice of deep underground engineering,and the superficial monitoring of traditional geological disaster information has great limitations.On this basis,conducting researches on joint technology of deep earth scientific exploration and geo-hazard prevention and control is of great significance to solve major scientific issues such as resource protection,life evolution and sustainable development.The core goal of“Deep earth-surface”linkage strategic system is the internal relationship between deep earth science and geological disasters,and advanced strategic planning in the field of deep earth science and geo-hazard.The“deep earth-surface”linkage scientific research platform based on typical deep engineering is fully associated with the widely distributed surface disaster information monitoring group,deep earth laboratories in-depth,mining area and deep engineering demonstration base.With the help of blockchain big data technology,the Deep Earth-Surface Intelligence Center will be built to coordinate research platforms of different types and depths in different regions.Finally,on this basis,with the linkage between deep earth and surface as the core,the large-scale scientific system for the linkage detection of deep earth and surface disaster prevention and control should be built,and the strategic research system of deep earth science law and major geological disaster prevention mechanism is comprehensively constructed,so as to serve the national and even global frontier of deep earth engineering,deep earth engineering safety and long-term stability,early warning,prevention and control of major geological disasters,helping China to lead the world in the related fields of deep earth science and geo-hazard.