岩体孔内摄像视频高精度快速成图方法研究

A High-precision and Fast Image Forming Method for Borehole Camera Video of Rock Mass

岩体结构形态特征对岩土地质工程的开挖建设具有重要的意义,数字钻孔摄像技术是快速有效地直接获取孔内岩体结构形态的一种重要手段。针对现有数字全景钻孔摄像系统及其分析软件在现场复杂环境凸显出来的问题,本文提出一种孔内全景视频环状图像快速拼接融合成图方法。该方法通过转化原始孔内视频图像为众多有序的帧窄带状图像,并进行图像特征检测与匹配筛选,从而实现孔内全景图像的快速拼接融合。结果表明:该方法可在不完全依靠指南针或电子罗盘及深度编码器的情况下,快速完成孔内全景视频图像的连续拼接融合;拼接图像的横向、纵向分辨率和图像清晰度均提高了一个数量级,实际工作时间可减半;该方法能够实现拼接出图过程的智能化和自动化分析处理,减轻工作人员的负担,提高工作效率。本方法可仅仅依靠孔内视频图像的固有特征而快速有效地形成无偏差的高质量钻孔全景图像,促进了孔内摄像技术的发展,为高精度岩体工程勘察提供了一种更便捷有效的技术手段。

The structural and morphological characterization of rock mass is of great significance to the excavation and construction of geotechnical and geological engineering.Digital panoramic borehole camera technology is an important means to obtain the structural morphology of rock mass quickly and effectively in the borehole.In view of the highlighted problems of the existing digital panoramic borehole camera system and its analysis software during the complex environment investigation,a method of fast mosaic and fusion of circular image from original borehole panoramic video was proposed.In this method,the borehole video image is transformed into several ordered narrowband images,and the image features are detected,matched,and filtered,so as to realize the rapid mosaic and fusion of panoramic borehole images.Results show that this method can quickly complete the continuous mosaic and fusion of panoramic video images without the help of a compass or electronic compass and depth encoder.The horizontal resolution,vertical resolution,and the image clarity of the mosaic image are raised by one magnitude.The actual working time can be halved.The process of forming the mosaic image can be intelligent processing and automated analysis.It can reduce the burden of researchers and improve work efficiency.This method can quickly and effectively form a high-quality borehole panoramic image without deviation based on the borehole video image’s inherent characteristics,which promotes the development of borehole camera technology and provides a more convenient and effective technical means for high-precision rock mass engineering investigation.