和而不同:组织化高层次移民的社会适应策略--以上海日韩移民为例

Harmony in Diversity:the Social Adaptation Strategies of Organized High-skilled Immigrants——A Case Study of Japanese and Korean Immigrants in Shanghai

对于国际移民在流入地社会适应和社会融入的探讨,大多基于西方传统移民国家个人驱动的定居型移民,其议题很少涉及跨国主义背景下企业驱动的非定居型高技能移民群体,也容易忽略新兴移民接纳国的新现象。本研究以上海日韩移民群体为案例,观察企业驱动的组织化高层次移民的社会适应策略。研究发现,上海日韩移民群体采取“和而不同”的社会适应策略,主要是受其特殊的迁移模式、居留目标与族裔特质,以及中国不完备的移民政策和治理机制等因素影响,尤其表现在移民族群网络建构和地方移民治理实践的互动过程中。地方适应性治理实践对移民社会融入的作用仍然有限。

Most of the studies on social adaptation and social integration of immigrants are based on the individual-driven and settled immigrants in western traditional immigrant countries.However,almost all of them are based on issues not related to the corporate-driven,no intention for long-term settlement and high-skilled migrants under the background of transnationalism,and they are also easy to ignore some new phenomena in new migration destination countries.In this paper,we take Japanese and Korean immigrants in Shanghai as an example to investigate the social adaptation strategies of organized high-skilled immigrants.We find that the strategies of Japanese and Korean immigrants’adaptation in Shanghai is“harmony in diversity,”which is mainly affected by the factors of their particular migration mechanism,settlement goal,and ethnicity.Alone with China’s incomplete migration system and governance mechanism,especially in the interactive process between the construction of their ethnic network and the governance practice by the local government.The adaptive governance practice has limited effects on the social integration of these immigrants.