2018-2019年池州市流行性感冒病原学分析

Etiological analysis of influenza surveillance in Chizhou from 2018 to 2019

目的分析2018—2019年池州市流行性感冒(简称流感)病原学特征,为流感防治提供科学依据。方法采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)对流感样患者的咽拭子样本进行病毒核酸检测和分型。结果2018、2019年流感病毒检出率分别为30.09%、28.92%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。流行特征表现为甲型和乙型流感病毒混合感染。男、女性之间流感病毒检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。5~14岁病毒检出率最高(37.03%)。流感疫情爆发时的病原检出率显著高于哨点监测检出率(P<0.01)。结论池州市流感的防控重点是甲型和乙型流感病毒的混合感染,重点人群是少年儿童,特别是中小学生。相关部门应加强流感病原学监测,及时掌握流行动态。

Objective To analyze the etiological characteristics of influenza in Chizhou from 2018 to 2019,and to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of influenza.Methods Nucleic acid in the samples of pharyngeal swabs from influenza-like cases was determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR).Results The determination rates of influenza virus were 30.09%in 2018 and 28.92%in 2019(P>0.05).The pandemic was characterized by a mixture of influenza A and B viruses.There was no statistical significance for the determination rate of influenza virus between males and females(P>0.05).The determination rate in 5-14-year-old group(37.03%)was the highest.The virus determination rate of the outbreak was higher than that of the sentinel monitoring(P<0.01).Conclusions The prevention and control of influenza in Chizhou focuses on a mixture of influenza A and B viruses,and the key population is teenagers and children,especially primary and secondary school students.The surveillance of influenza etiology should be strengthened,and the pandemic situation should be monitored.