人参皂苷Rg1对2型糖尿病大鼠的肾脏保护作用

Effect of Ginsenoside Rg1 on Renal Protection in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

目的探讨人参皂苷Rg1对2型糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用及机制。方法采用高糖高脂饮食+小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型,给予人参皂苷Rg1灌胃4周治疗后,测定血肌酐(Scr)、尿素氮(BUN)、尿酸(UA)。取肾脏组织切片进行HE染色,观察肾脏组织的病理改变;用Westernblot检测大鼠肾脏组织内血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体(AT1)、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)的表达水平。结果 2型糖尿病大鼠BUN明显高于正常组,但是Scr、UA与正常组比无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。人参皂苷Rg1不同剂量治疗后BUN值下降,二甲双胍组BUN也下降,而Scr、UA变化差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。糖尿病大鼠肾系数高于正常组(P <0.05),给与人参皂苷Rg1以及二甲双胍治疗后肾体比下降(P <0.05)。糖尿病大鼠肾脏AT1及TGF-β1表达高于正常组(P <0.05),给与人参皂苷Rg1不同剂量以及二甲双胍治疗后表达降低(P <0.05)。MMP9在糖尿病大鼠肾脏中表达下降,而在人参皂苷Rg1以及二甲双胍治疗后表达增加。结论人参皂苷Rg1能够保护大鼠肾脏受损,其分子机制可能是通过抑制RAS系统激活,抑制TGF-β1的表达,促进细胞外基质的水解,减轻肾脏受损程度。

Objective To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of ginsenoside Rg1 on the kidneys of type 2 diabetic rats.Methods A high-sugar and high-fat diet+low-dose streptozotocin(STZ)was used to establish a type 2 diabetic rat model.Ginsenoside Rg1 was administered to the stomach for 4 weeks,and blood creatinine(Scr)、uric acid(UA)and urea nitrogen(BUN)were measured.Take kidney tissue sections for HE staining to observe the pathological changes of kidney tissue;Western blot was used to detect angiotensinⅡtype 1 receptor(AT1),transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)and metalloproteinase-9 in rat kidney tissue expression level.Results BUN of type 2 diabetic rats was significantly higher than that of the normal group,but Scr and UA were not statistically significant compared with the normal group.After different doses of ginsenoside Rg1,the BUN value decreased,and the BUN of the metformin group also decreased,but there was no statistical difference in the changes of Scr and UA(P>0.05).The renal coefficient of diabetic rats was higher than that of the normal group,and the renal body ratio decreased after treatment with ginsenoside Rg1 and metformin(P<0.05).The expressions of AT1 and TGF-β1 in the kidneys of diabetic rats were higher than those in the normal group,and the expressions decreased after being given different doses of ginsenoside Rg1 and metformin treatment(P<0.05).The expression of MMP9 decreased in the kidneys of diabetic rats,but increased after treatment with ginsenoside Rg1 and metformin(P<0.05).Conclusions Ginsenoside Rg1 can protect the kidney from damage in rats.Its molecular mechanism may be through inhibiting the activation of the RAS system,inhibiting the expression of TGF-β1,promoting the hydrolysis of extracellular matrix,and reducing the degree of kidney damage.