远端胆管癌非手术治疗的研究进展

Research advances in non-surgical treatment of distal cholangiocarcinoma

远端胆管癌是肝外胆管细胞癌的一种类型,侵袭性高,预后较差。由于早期检出率低,大部分患者确诊时已是中晚期。随着近年来介入、消融、光动力等医疗技术不断改进,化疗、靶向、免疫等药物治疗进一步研发,非手术治疗方式在远端胆管癌综合治疗中的作用愈发受到关注。简述了远端胆管癌在局部治疗和系统治疗方面的研究进展,归纳总结相关文献表明,局部治疗可以解除胆道梗阻、减轻肿瘤负荷、提高生存质量;系统治疗可以抑制肿瘤生长、减少术后复发、延长生存时间。根据患者个体化情况,结合各种非手术治疗制订不同的综合诊治方案,可以为不可切除远端胆管癌患者提供更多有效的治疗选择。

Distal cholangiocarcinoma is a type of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with high invasiveness and poor prognosis,and due to its low rate of early detection,most patients are in the advanced stage at the time of diagnosis.In recent years,with the continuous improvement of medical techniques such as interventional treatment,ablation,and photodynamic therapy and further development of drug therapies including chemotherapy,targeted therapy,and immunotherapy,the role of non-surgical treatment in the multimodality therapy for distal cholangiocarcinoma has attracted more and more attention.This article reviews the advances in local treatment and systematic therapy for distal cholangiocarcinoma and summarizes related articles.The analysis shows that local treatment can relieve biliary obstruction,alleviate tumor burden,and improve quality of life,while systemic therapy may inhibit tumor growth,reduce postoperative recurrence,and prolong survival time.An individualized multimodality treatment regimen should be developed based on various non-surgical treatment methods,so as to provide more effective treatment options for patients with unresectable distal cholangiocarcinoma.