乡村教师的主体自觉及其培育

The Subject Consciousness of Rural Teachers and Its Cultivation

乡村教师是建设乡村教育事业的中流砥柱,乡村教师队伍建设是实施乡村教育振兴的重要抓手。唤醒和培育乡村教师的主体自觉,是新时代乡村教师队伍建设的必然要求和关键抉择。主体自觉是乡村教师在乡村教育中对自身存在、实践活动和责任担当的自觉把握和自我意识,又是乡村教师在实现自由自觉过程中所体验到的认识状态和精神境界,它是乡村教师主体性、自主性、意向性和创造性的有机融合和辩证统一。主体自觉具有意识自觉、认同自觉、信仰自觉和实践自觉等层次结构,它是对乡村教师能动性的期望和要求,体现的是乡村教师在实践活动中所秉承的一种行动理念。乡村教师主体自觉的真正实现,需要乡村教师既要有仰望星空的博大情怀和理性精神,又要有脚踏实地的求真务实心态和凿险缒幽的勇气。在推进乡村振兴战略进程中,可通过加强乡村社会文化资本培植、践行乡村教师自我教育行动、推进乡村教师队伍集体善治、创新乡村教师教育体制机制以及夯实乡村教师队伍建设等实践理路来培育乡村教师主体自觉。

Rural teachers are the mainstay of the construction of rural education and the construction of rural teachers is an important starting point for the implementation of rural education revitalization.To awaken and cultivate the subjective consciousness of rural teachers is the inevitable requirement and key choice for the construction of rural teachers in the new era.Subject consciousness is the rural teacher education in the country of its own existence,practice activities and bear responsibility to consciously grasp and self-consciousness is produced in the process of rural teachers realize freedom consciousness experience to the understanding of the condition and mental state.It is the rural teachers'subjectivity,autonomy,intentionality and creative organic fusion and dialectical unification.The subject consciousness has the hierarchical structure of consciousness consciousness,identification consciousness,belief consciousness and practice consciousness,which is the expectation and requirement of rural teachers’initiative and reflects a kind of action idea that rural teachers uphold in the process of practical activities.The real realization of rural teachers’subjective consciousness requires rural teachers not only to have the broad feelings and rational spirit of looking up to the starry sky,but also to have the down-to-earth realistic mentality and the courage of digging down to the depths of danger.In the process of promoting rural revitalization strategy,the main body consciousness of rural teacher construction can be cultivated by strengthening the rural social and cultural capital cultivation,practicing rural teachers’self-education action,promoting the collective good governance of rural teachers,innovating the rural teacher education system mechanism and strengthening the guarantee of rural teacher construction.