机械压力对锂电池性能影响的研究进展

Research progress on the effect of mechanical pressure on the performance of lithium batteries

锂电池在充放电过程中,由于锂离子的嵌入/脱出或沉积/剥离,SEI膜持续生长及产气等副反应的发生会造成电池产生内压。压力能够通过界面作用影响锂电池的各项性能。回顾并总结了近年来压力,包括电池内压及外加压力对锂电池性能影响的研究。从压力作用下电池材料的形变、界面阻抗及金属锂负极的沉积模式及电池的循环和倍率性能的改变等角度出发,详细介绍了压力对锂电池隔膜及电解质、插层电极材料、合金电极材料及锂金属电极性能的影响及作用机理。同时对合理利用压力改善电池性能以及相关锂电池的设计策略进行展望,为从事相关研发的工作者提供一些借鉴。

During the charging and discharging process of the lithium battery,due to the intercalation/extraction or deposition/stripping of lithium ions,the continuous growth of the SEI film and the occurrence of gas production will cause the battery to generate internal pressure.Pressure can affect the performance of lithium batteries through interface effects.This paper reviews the research progress of the effect and influence mechanism of pressure on the performance of lithium batteries,including the interface resistance,the deformation of the material,and the cyclic and rate performance of the batteries.Furthermore,the paper brings on the prospect of the improvement of battery using pressure and tries to provide some references to the research in this area.