垃圾焚烧发电趋势分析及余热锅炉技术进展

Trend of China's Municipal Incineration Industry and Recent Development of Waste-to-energy Boiler

过去十年间焚烧发电逐渐成为我国主要的城市生活垃圾处理方式,垃圾焚烧厂数量增加明显,垃圾焚烧技术发展迅速。最新公布的国家补贴退坡、生活垃圾分类等政策将对垃圾焚烧发电行业产生重要而深远的影响,倒逼企业在技术和管理等方面做出优化改革,提升企业盈利能力。本文从宏观政策、市场预期、重点技术及装备发展等三方面梳理了生活垃圾焚烧发电行业发展趋势,并对影响垃圾焚烧发电企业经济效益的高参数余热发电技术及余热锅炉装备的技术研发进展进行了介绍。通过提高垃圾吨发电量及吨上网电量是提升垃圾焚烧发电企业盈利能力的重要方向,通过数字孪生等数字化手段提高全厂及重要部件的设计水平,也是未来的发展方向。

In the last decade municipal incineration becomes the main technology of municipal waste management in China.The number of municipal incineration plants increases marvelously and technologies corresponding to incineration and waste-to-energy achieve great improvement.The newest published national policies such as abolishment of financial subsidy and classification of municipal waste will impact the incineration industry remarkably for long,forcing the municipal incineration enterprises to make improvements in technology and business management for better economic benefits.In this paper,the trend of China's municipal incineration industry was analyzed first according to national policy,market estimate and research on key technology and equipment,and then the development of waste-to-energy technology and waste heat boiler with higher steam parameters was introduced,that's because the profit of waste-toenergy plants relies on the level of boiler steam parameters.Increasing the power generation of per ton waste incineration through technology development is the main objective for municipal enterprises,as well as the improvement of design through digitization method such as digital twin technology.