内麦系列小麦品种(系)的染色体结构变异分析

Analysis of Chromosomal Structural Variation in Neimai Wheat Varieties(Lines)

为明确内麦系列小麦品种(系)的染色体结构特点,利用荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)技术和pTa535、pSc119.2探针对21份内麦系列小麦材料的染色体进行分析。结果显示,5份材料含1RS/1BL易位染色体;探针除3A、7A、2B、3B、4B、2D和4D外的其他染色体在21份材料间存在结构差异;共鉴定出49种染色体多态类型,其中数量最多的是A基因组(22),其次是B基因组(14)和D基因组(13);在5B、6B、3D和7D染色体的同源染色体间存在不对称核型;根据A、B和D基因组的FISH核型,把21份材料分为16类。通过FISH信号模式,发现所有材料在染色体水平上都有变异。多数材料的染色体类型一致,推测这些材料的遗传背景一致或者相似。

To clarify the chromosome structure characteristics of Neimai wheat,the fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)technology and pTa535 and pSc119.2 probes was used to analyze the chromosomes of Neimai wheat.The results showed that 5 materials contained 1 RS/1 BL translocation chromosomes.Among the 21 materials,the structural variation of chromosomes expect for 3 A,7 A,2 B,3 B,4 B,2 D and 4 D were observed.A total of 49 types of chromosome signal variation were identified,containing the highest 22 types from A genome,followed by 14 types from B-genome and 13 types from D-genome for FISH analysis.Heteromorphism between homologous chromosomes were found on 5 B,6 B,3 D and 7 D.According to the FISH karyotype of A,B,and D genomes,the 21 materials were divided into 16 types.The FISH signal pattern indicated genetic variations exist in all materials at chromosome level.Most of the 21 materials sharing the same chromosome types suggested that the genetic background of these materials may be consistent or similar.