唐山市曹妃甸区2018—2019年中小学生视力不良调查结果分析

Analysis on the survey results of poor eyesight of primary and secondary school students in Caofeidian District of Tangshan City from 2018 to 2019

目的了解曹妃甸区中小学生视力不良的发生率及其严重程度,为中小学校实施学生常见病干预措施和健康促进工作提供科学依据。方法抽取唐山市曹妃甸区6所城市和7所农村中小学校,各学校的每个年级随机抽取2-3个班,共计抽取5 985名学生进行了裸眼远视力调查。结果曹妃甸区中小学生总体视力不良率为66.82%,其中轻、中、重度视力不良率分别为14.07%、24.64%和28.10%。小学生、初中生、高中生的视力不良率分别为50.76%、78.15%、89.15%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=729.964,P<0.001);男生视力不良率(61.04%)低于女生(72.57%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=89.689,P<0.001);寄宿制初中学生的视力不良率(81.13%)高于非寄宿制初中学生(77.04%),差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.409,P=0.065);城市初中和小学的学生视力不良率(66.17%)高于农村(57.38%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=36.862,P<0.001)。结论曹妃甸区中小学生视力不良发生率较高,随年级增加而上升,应加强中小学生视力不良防控工作。

Objective To understand the incidence and severity of poor eyesight among primary and secondary school students in Caofeidian District,and to provide scientific basis for the implementation of common disease intervention measures and health promotion in primary and secondary schools.Methods A total of 5985 students from 6 urban and 7 rural primary and secondary schools in Caofeidian District of Tangshan City were randomly selected from 2-3 classes in each grade for the survey of naked eye distant vision.Results The overall poor vision rate of primary and secondary school students in Caofeidian district was 66.82%,of which the mild,moderate and severe poor vision rates were 14.07%,24.64%and 28.10%respectively.The rate of poor eyesight of primary school students,junior high school students and senior high school students was 50.76%,78.15%,and 89.15%respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=729.964,P<0.001).The poor vision rate of boys(61.04%)was lower than that of girls(72.57%),the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=89.689,P<0.001).The poor vision rate of boarding junior high school students(81.13%)was higher than that of non boarding junior high school students(77.04%),and the difference was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=3.409,P=0.065).The poor eyesight rate of urban junior middle school and primary school students(66.17%)was higher than that of rural students(57.38%),the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=36.862,P<0.001).Conclusion The incidence of poor eyesight among primary and secondary school students in Caofeidian District is relatively high,and it increases with the increase of grades.The prevention and control of poor eyesight among primary and secondary school students should be strengthened.