涟水县2018年健康人群流行性脑脊髓膜炎带菌状况及免疫水平监测结果分析

Surveillance on bacterial carrier and immune level of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis among healthy people in Lianshui County in 2018

目的分析涟水县健康人群流脑带菌率及免疫水平,了解本地区菌群变迁趋势,评价流脑疫苗接种效果。方法随机抽取不同乡镇、不同年龄人群411人,采集监测对象鼻咽拭子标本和血样,分别进行脑膜炎病原学分离鉴定和血清抗体检测,使用酶联免疫(ELISA)法测定血样标本A群、C群脑膜炎奈瑟菌IgG抗体水平。结果健康人群脑膜炎奈瑟菌总带菌率为1.70%(7/411),各菌群带菌率分别为:A群0.24%(1/411)、B群0.49%(2/411)、W_(135)群0.24%(1/411)、未分型0.73%(3/411)。A群流脑IgG抗体阳性率61.56%,C群流脑IgG抗体阳性率59.37%。不同流脑疫苗免疫史人群A群、C群抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ_(A)^(2)=13.047,P=0.001;χ_(C)^(2)=8.812,P=0.012)。结论涟水县人群流脑免疫水平总体偏低,且发现B群流脑带菌者,存在流脑疫情暴发风险。

Objective To analyze the carrier rate and immune level of meningococcal meningitis in healthy population in Lianshui County,understand the change trend of local flora,and evaluate the vaccination effect of meningococcal meningitis vaccine.Measures A total of 411 people from different towns and different age groups were randomly selected to collect nasopharyngeal swab samples and blood samples.The pathogen of meningitis was isolated and identified,and the serum antibody was detected.The IgG antibody level of group A and group C Neisseria meningitidis in blood samples was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The total carrying rate of Neisseria meningitidis in healthy population was 1.70%(7/411),and the carrying rates of each group were 0.24%(1/411)for group A,0.49%(2/411)for group B,0.24%(1/411)for group W_(135) and 0.73%(3/411)for non typing.The positive rates of group A and group C were 61.56%and 59.37%,respectively.There were significant differences in the positive rates of group A and group C antibodies among people with different immunization history of meningococcal vaccine(χ_(A)^(2)=13.047,P=0.001;χ_(C)^(2)=8.812,P=0.012).Conclusion The immunization level of the population in Lianshui County is generally low,and the group B carriers are found,so there is a risk of epidemic outbreak.