早期乳腺癌患者行保乳术的效果及对患者生存质量的影响

Effect of breast-conserving surgery for patients with early breast cancer and its impact on quality of life

目的:探讨早期乳腺癌患者行保乳术的效果及对患者生存质量的影响。方法:选取100例早期乳腺癌患者作为研究对象,根据治疗方法的不同分为两组。对照组48例采用改良根治术治疗,保乳术组52例采用保乳术治疗。并根据乳腺癌生命质量测定量表(FACT-B)评估两组术前、术后生存质量,记录两组并发症及预后情况。结果:保乳术组手术时间和术后住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05),术中出血量和平均引流量均少于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者术前FACT-B量表中的生理、情感、功能评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),保乳术组术后6个月生理、情感、功能评分均高于对照组(P<0.05);保乳术组并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);两组术后3年生存率、远处转移率、局部复发率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:保乳术治疗早期乳腺癌与改良根治术具有同等效果,但前者具有术中出血量少、并发症风险低、术后恢复快、生存质量高等优势。

Objective: To investigate the effect of breast-conserving surgery for patients with early breast cancer and its impact on quality of life in patients. Methods: 100 patients with early breast cancer were selected and randomized into 2 groups. 48 patients in the control group underwent modified radical mastectomy, while another 52 patients in the breast-conserving therapy group received breast-conserving therapy. Then the preoperative and postoperative quality of life of patients was evaluated according to FACT-B, and the complications and prognosis of the two groups were recorded. Results: The operation time and postoperative hospital stay of the breast-conserving therapy group was shorter than that of the control group(P<0.05), intraoperative blood loss and average drainage volume of the breast-conserving group were shorter than that of the control group(P<0.05);there were no statistically differences in physiological, emotional or function scores of patients based on FACT-B between the two groups before surgery(P>0.05), however, the physiological, emotional and function scores of the breast-conserving therapy group were higher than those of the control group at 6 months after surgery(P<0.05);the incidence of complications in the breast-conserving therapy group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05);and there were no significant differences in the 3-year survival rate, distant metastasis rate or local recurrence rate between the two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion: Breast conserving surgery has the same effect as modified radical mastectomy in the treatment of patients with early breast cancer, but the former has the advantages of less intraoperative blood loss, low risk of complications, quick postoperative recovery and high quality of life.