环境规制提高了企业市场势力吗?--兼论非公平竞争的存在

Does Environmental Regulation Increase the Market Power of Enterprises?--On the Existence of Unfair Competition

平衡经济发展与环境治理的关系成为政府当前关注的重要问题。本文以行业清洁生产政策为例,检验环境规制对市场势力的影响,并讨论由此可能引致的非公平竞争问题。研究发现,受规制企业的市场势力有显著提高;相较于清洁企业,污染企业在环境规制政策下的市场势力相对更高,且排污强度会与政策结合来提高企业市场势力;企业的国有属性(特别是国有央企)、资本密集度和年龄在对市场势力提升起到正向影响的同时,还会与政策结合来进一步强化效果;外资属性、企业规模对市场势力起到负向影响,但与政策结合后影响变正;企业税负会与政策结合,间接提高市场势力。另外,通过控制企业内生竞争力,论文间接验证了因政策不完善可能引致的非公平竞争因素的存在。因此,在关注环境治理效果的同时,还应充分重视其经济影响,确保在有效治理环境的同时兼顾公平竞争。

Balancing the relationship between economic development and environmental governance has become an important issue concerned by the government.This paper takes industrial cleaner production policy as an example to evaluate the impact of environmental regulation on market power and discusses the possible unfair competition problems.Results show that the market power of regulated enterprises has been improved significantly;compared with clean enterprises,the market power of polluting enterprises is higher under the environmental regulation policy,and the emission intensity will be combined with the policy to improve the market power of enterprises;State-owned enterprises(especially state-owned central enterprises),capital intensity and age of enterprises have a positive impact on the improvement of market power,and these also could be combined with policies to further strengthen the effect.Although the firm scale and foreign capital enterprises have a negative influence on the market power,they have a positive influence when combined with the policy.The corporate tax burden does not have a direct impact but could indirectly increase market power when combined with policies.In addition,by controlling the internal productivity,the paper indirectly verified the unfair market power improvement caused by imperfect policies.Therefore,while paying attention to the effect of environmental governance,we should also pay full attention to the economic impact brought by policies,and give consideration to the concept of fair competition while effectively governing the environment.