多组学技术应用于化学品风险评估的研究进展

Multi-omics Advances in Chemicals Risk Assessment

随着进入到环境中的化学品种类和数量日益增加,化学品风险评估面临着越来越大的挑战。传统的化学品风险评估方法依赖于动物实验,无法对大量化学品的毒性进行高效检验与预测,并且缺少对机制的研究。多组学技术是多种高通量组学技术的联合应用,主要包括基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学等,可以更加快速、准确地分析化学品毒性,预测化学品潜在风险。随着毒理机制研究的不断深入,生物信息数据的大量收集,以及数据处理软件的持续改进,多组学在化学品风险评估中必将起到越来越重要的作用。本文综述了应用于化学品风险评估中的主要组学技术、研究现状以及所面临的挑战,为未来的研究和发展方向提供参考。

With the increasing variety and quantity of chemicals entering into the environment,chemical risk assessment is meeting more and more challenges.The traditional risk assessment methods for chemicals mainly rely on animal experiments.However,the traditional method can not test and predict the chemical toxicity efficiently and the toxic mechanism is still lacking.Multi-omics technology is the joint application of a variety of highthroughput omics technologies,including genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics and metabolomics.Multi-omics can analyze chemical toxicity more quickly and accurately and predict the potential risks of chemicals.With the comprehensive development of toxicological mechanism,the collection of biological information data and the continuous improvement of data processing software,multi-omics will play an increasingly important role in chemical risk assessment.In this paper,the main omics techniques applied in chemical risk assessment,research status and challenges are summarized to provide references for future research and development.