城市污水雌激素活性研究进展——毒性评估、致毒物解析及毒性削减

Research Advance of Estrogenic Activity in Municipal Wastewater—Toxicity Assessment,Toxicant Identification and Toxicity Reduction

城市污水成分复杂,含有多种有毒有害物质,使其能对生物体产生各种不良生物效应,其中,内分泌干扰物,尤其是雌激素类物质以及具有雌激素活性的污染物,因能影响生物的生殖系统并造成受纳水体鱼类性别转变等危害而备受关注,城市污水的雌激素活性也一直是污水处理领域的研究热点。当前,城市污水回用是缓解全球水资源危机的重要途径之一,在此背景下开展污水雌激素活性毒性评估、致毒物解析及毒性削减研究对于保障其回用过程中的安全性至关重要。笔者围绕这一条研究主线,以城市污水为研究对象,对污水雌激素活性表征方法、雌激素活性关键致毒物解析以及污水处理过程中雌激素活性削减的相关研究成果进行回顾和总结,为今后城市污水安全排放和回用提供参考。

Municipal wastewater is a complex mixture of chemicals,containing a variety of toxic and harmful substances,which can induce various adverse biological effects on organisms.Endocrine disruptors,especially estrogens and pollutants with estrogenic activity,have attracted much attention due to their impairment on the reproductive system of organisms and for causing intersexuality of fish in the receiving water.Under the premise that the reuse of municipal wastewater is an important way to alleviate the global water crisis,it is imperative to carry out researches regarding the toxicity assessment,toxicant identification and toxicity reduction of es trogenic activity of wastewater.On this basis,this paper reviews and summarizes the advances of determination methods of estrogenic activity,key toxicants identified for inducing the estrogenic activity in municipal wastewater,as well as the effects of wastewater treatments on estrogenic activity reduction,so as to provide insights for safe discharge and reuse of municipal wastewater in the future.