焦作市青少年吸烟现状分析

Current situation of smoking in teenagers in Jiaozuo city

目的了解河南省焦作市青少年吸烟现状,为制定青少年控烟教育和行为干预提供依据。方法采用二阶段分层整群随机抽样方法抽取焦作市11个县(市、区)共2356名青少年开展匿名吸烟行为问卷调查。结果焦作市青少年吸烟率为5.35%,吸烟率随着年级的增加呈上升趋势(χ^(2)=14.261,P<0.01);吸烟率男性(6.86%)明显高于女性(3.67%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=11.808,P<0.01);开始吸第一支烟时6岁~组占3.18%,9岁~组占1.59%;因朋友带动开始第一次吸烟的比例为52.86%;86.51%很容易就能买到香烟,11.80%每天接触二手烟,12.86%每周接触4~6 d;身边有人吸烟占74.24%。结论焦作市青少年吸烟率较高,香烟获取容易;应尽早开展积极有效的控烟干预措施,创建家庭、学校和社会“三位一体”的控烟新格局。

Objective To understand the smoking status in adolescents in Jiaozuo city,and to provide basis for formulating education on smoking control and behavior intervention in adolescents.Methods A total of 2356 adolescents from 11 survey sites in Jiaozuo city were selected with second stage stratified cluster random sampling method to conduct anonymous questionnaire survey of smoking behavior.Results The smoking rate of the adolescents in Jiaozuo city was 5.35%.The smoking rate gradually increased with the growth of age(χ^(2)=14.261,P<0.01),and was significantly higher in the male(6.86%)than in the female(3.67%),with statistical difference(χ^(2)=11.808,P<0.01).The first smoking began at the age from 6 to 8 years,accounting for 3.18%,and 1.59%of them smoke the first cigarette at the age from 9-11 years.The proportion of the first smoking was 52.86%driven by friends.There were 86.51%of them easily bought cigarettes,11.80%exposed to second-hand smoke every day,12.86%exposed to it 4-6 days a week.The bystander smoking accounted for 74.24%.Conclusions The smoking rate of the adolescents in Jiaozuo city is high,and it is easy to get cigarettes.Active and effective intervention measures should be developed as soon as possible to create new patterns of smoking control by families,schools and society.