事实赝品:司法决策小前提的本质

Fact Fakes:On the Nature of Minor Premise in Judicial Syllogism

尽管当前的主流观点认为,作为司法决策小前提之事实应该是事实真相,但如果我们仔细考察司法过程中的事实生成过程就会发现,由于案件总是发生于过去,而法官又不可能"重返现场",因而所谓事实不过是根据证据等多种因素重构出来的关于事实的一种可能(a)的判断而已。通过进一步的分析还将发现,作为小前提之事实,不仅仅事实上是、并且应当是关于事实真相的赝品。当然,良善的法官有义务在诸多关于事实的可能判断中择取出在当前诉讼程序、面对当前具体条件时最具可接受性的那一个——而这,其实就是作为小前提之事实的本质,也就是所谓"最佳赝品"。

In today’s mainstream viewpoint,the fact as minor premise in judicial syllogism is,and should be,truth of fact.However,the fact as minor premise is just a judgement or opinion of fact because nobody could go back to the scene related to the case,which means that we could do nothing more than fabricating and reconstructing the fact by fragments of the case that already happened in past.In other words,it is normal that there are many possible judgements and opinions of the fact as minor premise in judicial syllogism.As such,we must admit and accept that there is no truth but only fakes of fact in the justice field and the only realistic target is to seek the best fake which is the most persuasive one in all judgements and opinions of fact.