大连市某三甲医院2012—2019年内科老年住院患者死亡原因分析

Analysis on the causes of death of elderly inpatients in medical department in a third-grade A hospital in dalian from 2012 to 2019

目的通过分析内科老年住院患者死亡原因,为老年疾病的防治提供依据和方向。方法提取大连医科大学附属第二医院2012-2019年内科老年住院患者病案首页数据,分析死亡原因,采用Excel及SPSS 21.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果2012-2019年内科老年住院患者死亡总数为5249例,其中重症医学科占34.43%(1807/5249),肿瘤科占19.03%(999/5249),心内科占12.08%(634/5249)。总体死亡年龄(78.52±7.82)岁,男性(78.18±8.00)岁,女性(79.02±7.52)岁,男性死亡年龄小于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);男性死亡人数占59.04%(3099/5249),略多于女性的40.96%(2150/5249)。死亡年龄以75~84岁居多(占42.56%,2234/5249);总体合并5种以上疾病患者占86.72%(4552/5249)。2012-2019年内科老年住院患者前3位死因依次为心脑血管疾病(27.21%)、恶性肿瘤(25.74%)、呼吸系统疾病例(22.10%);其中2012-2015年前3大死因依次为恶性肿瘤、心脑血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病;2016-2019年前3大死因依次为心脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病。心脑血管疾病死因前3位依次是冠心病(51.47%)、脑血管病(43.70%)、高血压(4.34%);恶性肿瘤死因前3位依次是肺癌(37.53%)、胃癌(11.10%)、肠癌(11.10%);呼吸系统疾病死因前3位依次是肺内感染(69.66%)、慢性阻塞性肺疾病(15.43)、间质性肺病(5.09%)。结论2012-2019年内科老年住院患者死亡年龄(78.52±7.82)岁,男性死亡年龄小于女性,且数量略多于女性。最主要的3大死因依次为心脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病。2012-2015年首位死因是恶性肿瘤,2016-2019年心脑血管疾病上升为首位死因。

Objective To analyze the causes of death of elderly inpatients,so as to provide direction for the precaution of geriatrics.Methods The first page data of hospitalized medical records of elderly inpatients in medical department in the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University from 2102 to 2019 were extracted,and the causes of death were analyzed.The statistical analysis was performed by Excel and SPSS 21.0 statistical software.Results The number of deaths of elderly inpatients in medical department from 2012 to 2019 was 5249.The proportion of deaths in ICU was 34.43%(1807/5249),in oncology department was19.03%(999/5249),and in cardiovascular department was12.08%(634/5249).The average age was(78.52±7.82)years.Besides,the age of men was younger than women:(78.18±8.00)years vs.(79.02±7.52)years,and the differences was statistically significant(P<0.01).Men(59.1%,3099/5249)were more than women(40.96%,2150/5249).The largest number of deaths was in the age of 75-84 years(42.56%,2234/5249).The number of cases with combined above five diseases was 4552(86.72%,4552/5249).The top three causes of deaths of elderly inpatients in medical department from 2012 to 2019 were cardiocerebrovascular diseases(27.21%,1428/5249),malignant tumor(25.74%,1351/5249)and respiratory system diseases(22.10%,1160/5249).From 2012 to 2015,the top three causes of deaths were malignant tumor,cardiocerebrovascular diseases and respiratorysystem diseases.From 2016 to 2019,the top three causes of deaths were cardiocerebrovascular diseases,malignant tumor,and respiratory system diseases.The most common cause in cardiocerebrovascular diseases of death was coronary heart disease(51.47%,735/1428),cerebrovascular disease(43.70%,624/1428),and hypertension(4.34%,62/1428).Among the patients with malignant tumor death,first cause of death waslung malignant tumor(37.53%,507/1351),the others in turn were gastric carcinoma(11.10%,150/1351)and intestinal cancer(11.10%,150/1351).Among the patients with respiratory system diseases,first cause of death was pulmonary infection(69.66%,808/1160),the others in turn were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(15.43%,179/1160)and interstitial lung disease(5.09%,59/1160).Conclusions The average age of elderly inpatients in medical department is(78.52±7.82)years.The death age of male is less than that of female,and the number is slightly more than that of female.The top three causes of deaths of elderly inpatients in medical department are cardiocerebrovascular diseases,malignant tumor,respiratorysystem diseases.From 2012 to 2015 the first cause of deaths is malignant tumor.From 2016 to 2019,the cardiocerebrovascular diseases rise to the first.