嘉靖倭乱前后的沿海卫所与海疆庇护网络——以杭州湾南岸地区为中心

Coastal Garrison and Patronage Network around Wokou Invasion in Jiajing Reign

明朝嘉靖后期的倭乱平息以后,江浙沿海进入了一段较长的安宁期。这种安宁局面的形成不仅是王朝政策转变及其控制力上升的结果,而且与倭乱前后沿海社会自身的演变历程息息相关。杭州湾南岸的历史表明,嘉靖倭乱为王朝国家与海疆社会的重新整合提供了契机。以此为转折点,沿海庇护网络从向外游离转为向内聚敛,其主导力量由具有离心倾向的卫所武官、窝家势要一变为代表王朝国家的各级官府。在此形势下,"一条鞭法"改革次第展开,江浙海疆复归平靖。

The present paper argues that the long stability in the coastal areas of Jiangsu and Zhejiang should be attributed not only to Ming’s changing policy and increased control force but also to the evolution of coastal society around the invasion of wokou( Japanese pirates). The investigation of history of south bank of Hangzhou Bay indicated that there was a turning point of reintegration of dynasty and coastal society.Plainly put,the separatist local power was gradually replaced with local governments on behalf of the state.