考虑设备能耗与污染的维护策略研究

Research on Maintenance Strategy Considering Equipment Energy Consumption and Pollution

【目的】随着环境问题的日益突出,环保部门对企业的约束逐渐加强,当企业的生产消耗过多能源或者产生过量污染排放时,需要支付一定的环境惩罚成本用于修复损害的环境。传统的预防性维护策略研究没有考虑设备在生产过程中的能耗以及污染排放问题,而且在实际生产过程中,随着设备役龄的增加,设备性能退化的同时也伴随着能耗水平和污染排放水平的增加,过高的能耗与污染不仅对环境产生损害,也会导致企业的运营成本增加。因此需要研究设备的能耗与相应污染排放的维护策略。【方法】将设备的能耗控制和污染排放控制引入到传统的预防性维护来优化设备的预防性维护策略,并将役龄递减因子引入到设备的能耗模型和污染排放模型中,来模拟设备的维护操作对能耗水平和污染排放水平的影响。以设备的可靠度、能耗水平、污染排放水平以及最佳维护次数为决策变量,以设备生命周期内的成本率最低为优化目标,来构建考虑设备能耗和污染排放水平的维护模型。【结果】采用灰狼优化算法对设备预防性维护模型进行优化求解,结果显示在能耗和污染排放的双重控制下,设备生命周期的成本率最小。【结论】通过算例分析验证了模型的有效性。

[Purposes]As environmental problems become increasingly prominent,environmental protection agencies have gradually strengthened their constraints on companies.When companies consume too much energy or produce excessive pollution emissions,they need to pay environmental penalty costs to repair the damaged environment.However,the traditional preventive maintenance strategy research does not consider the energy consumption and pollution emissions of the equipment in the production process.In the actual production process,as the service age of equipment increases,its performance degradation is also accompanied by an increase in energy consumption and pollution emissions.Excessive energy consumption and pollution not only cause damage to the environment,but also increase the total costs.[Methods]Introducing equipment energy consumption control and pollution emission control into traditional preventive maintenance to optimize equipment preventive maintenance strategies,and the age-decreasing factor is introduced into the energy consumption model and pollution emission model of the equipment to simulate the impact of equipment maintenance operations on its energy consumption and pollution emission levels.Taking equipment reliability,energy consumption level,pollution emission level,and optimal maintenance times as decision variables,and the lowest cost rate in the equipment life cycle as the optimization goal,a maintenance model considering equipment energy consumption and pollution emission levels was constructed.[Findings]Taking the Weibull distribution of equipment failure rate as an example,the gray wolf optimization algorithm is used to optimize the equipment preventive maintenance model.The results show that under the dual control of energy consumption and pollution emissions,the life cycle cost rate of equipment is the smallest.[Conclusions]The validity of the model is verified by an example analysis.