风险规制型决策视域下的科学证据问题

Problems of scientific evidence:From a perspective of risk regulatory decision

为应对风险社会的到来,政府需要面向未来与不确定性作出以规制风险为目的的决策。决策应该坚持科学理性与循证思维,以实证的科学证据为基础。作为科学证据证明对象的事实,不仅具有发展性与流变性,且与价值以交错互嵌的形态实现着共存或者连接。科学证据的证据规则有其特殊性。在重视科学证据优点的同时,需要警惕其存在的诸多问题。有必要从同行评议、公众参与、司法审查等角度实现对科学证据的良性治理。

To regulate risks,government agency needs to make decisions in the face of the future and the uncertainty.These decisions should adhere to the spirit of scientific reason and the evidence-based logic,and are based on the empirical scientific evidence.The fact that scientific evidence proves has the variability and the rheological property,and crosses with the value to the extent that they are intertwined.The evidence rules of scientific evidence have a particularity.While affirming the advantages of scientific evidence,we should be alert to its problems.The peer review,public participation and judicial review are several options for better governance.