中国语境下实物证据鉴真规则的构建

Construction of the authentication rules of physical evidence in chinese context

我国现行司法解释设置了大量有关实物证据来源和保管链条的审查规则,此类规则与鉴真规则虽具有表象上的共性,实则两者的证明方式、规范目的以及证据排除的后果存在本质差异。我国亟待构建实物证据鉴真规则,以强化证据准入资格的审查,规范证据的收集提取和保管行为。实物证据鉴真规则的构建,面临着证据审查一体化和侦查中心主义的障碍,有待通过庭前会议功能的强化以及庭审实质化的推进,为鉴真规则提供适用空间。

The current judicial interpretation in China has set up a large number of examination rules on the source and custody chain of physical evidence.Although this kind of rule has similarities with the authentication rules on the surface,there actually are essential differences in the way of proof,legislative purpose and the consequence of evidence exclusion.To strengthen the examination of the admissibility of evidence and regulate the collection,extraction and storage of evidence,it is urgent to construct the authentication rules of physical evidence in China.The construction of the authentication rules of physical evidence meets the obstacles of the integration of evidence examination and the investigation-centered doctrine.It is necessary to strengthen the function of the pre-trial conferences and promote the substantiation of court trials to provide institutional space for the construction of the authentication rules.