宁夏粮食作物种植效益分析及结构调整建议

Benefit analysis and structure adjustment suggestion of grain crops planting in Ningxia

通过现场走访、问卷调查等方式对宁夏引黄灌区和山区50家种植大户、家庭农场及专业化合作组织进行种植成本及效益调查,根据调查结果并结合相关统计资料,计算出宁夏粮食作物种植效益由大到小依次为马铃薯、青贮玉米、水稻、籽粒玉米、油料作物、小麦、小杂粮。在此基础上,提出了宁夏粮食作物种植结构调整建议:在保障粮食总产稳定的前提下,山区稳定马铃薯、小杂粮种植面积,适当增加青贮玉米面积;灌区缩减水稻、小麦、籽粒玉米种植面积,增加青贮玉米、瓜菜、枸杞、酿酒葡萄、饲草等特色作物面积。

In order to clarify the planting benefits of different grain crops in Ningxia,the paper puts forward suggestions for optimizing and adjusting the grain planting structure,so as to increase the planting income,increase the farmers'income,and enhance the quality,efficiency and competitiveness of Ningxia's planting industry,this paper makes an investigation and analysis on the planting efficiency of the grain crops in Ningxia by means of on-site visits and questionnaires,and puts forward suggestions for the structural adjustment.The results showed that the descending order of planting benefits was potato,silage corn,rice,kernel corn,oil crops,wheat,minor grains;suggestions for structural adjustment:stabilize the planting area of potato and minor grains,reduce the planting area of rice,wheat and kernel corn,and increase the area of characteristic crops such as melon,vegetable,wolfberry,wine grape and forage.