我国六大区域的城市节水发展比较研究

Comparative Study of the Development of Urban Water Saving in the Six Regions of China

按照东北、华北、西北、西南、华中和东南沿海六大区域分布,从节水型城市建设、城市节水量与资金投入、用水结构和效率、公共供水管网漏损和管材情况、再生水利用状况等方面,全面分析了我国从"十一五"到"十三五"中期城市节水状况时空分布特征。结果表明,东南沿海和华北地区成为城市节水工作"领头羊",取得了显著成效。运用SPSS双变量分析方法和系统聚类方法,说明因子协同发挥作用的重要性,也反映了六大区域城市节水影响因素的异同性,体现了城市节水工作的综合性、复杂性和系统性。针对六大区域城市节水工作特点和潜力,展望各区域重点工作和发展前景,为评估"十三五"城市节水工作成效,开展"十四五"城市节水规划提供数据支撑和科学依据。

According to the six regions of Northeast,North,Northwest,Southwest,Central and Southeast of China,the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of Chinese urban water saving from"11 th Five-Year Plan"to"13 th Five-Year Plan"were analyzed from the aspects of water saving city construction,urban water saving quantity and capital investment,water use structure and efficiency,public water supply pipeline network leakage and pipe materials,reclaimed water utilization.Among them,the Southeast and North of China have become the"leaders"of urban water saving work,and have achieved remarkable results.By using the two-variable analysis method of SPSS and systematic clustering method,the interrelationships between the major factors were analyzed,indicating the importance of the synergy of factors.Meanwhile,the similarities and differences of urban water saving influencing factors for the six regions were revealed,reflecting the comprehensiveness,complexity and systematicness of urban water saving work.In view of the characteristics and potential of urban water saving work in the six regions,the key work and development prospects of each region was studied.This study also provided data support and scientific basis for the effectiveness of urban water saving work in"13 th Five-Year Plan"and carrying out the urban water saving plan for"14 th Five-Year Plan".