LncRNA对农业动物生长和生产的调节作用研究进展

Research Progress on LncRNA Regulating the Growth and Production of Agricultural Animals

长链非编码RNA(Long non-coding RNA,LncRNA)是一类没有编码蛋白能力的RNA,其长度大于200个核苷酸,且广泛存在于动物、植物及微生物的细胞质和细胞核中。lncRNAs对转录、剪接、翻译、蛋白质定位、细胞结构完整性、基因组印记、细胞周期和凋亡等重要的生物学过程至关重要,主要在哺乳动物的生长发育、器官再生和疾病发生中起到关键性作用。与人类医学上的研究相比,lncRNA在其他哺乳动物的研究尚处于起步阶段。本文对lncRNA的研究发现、特征分类、作用机制和其在农业动物肌肉生长、脂肪沉积和毛囊发育等方面的最新研究进行综述,旨在为lncRNA在农业动物生长发育方面开展深入研究提供科学依据。

Long non-coding RNAs(LncRNA)are a kind of RNA whose length is more than 200 nucleotides and has no ability to encode protein.It is widely found in the cytoplasm and nucleus of animals,plants and microorganisms.In recent years,more and more studies have shown that lncRNAs play an important role in many important biological processes,including transcription,splicing,translation,protein localization,cell structural integrity,genomic imprinting,cell cycle and apoptosis.It plays a key role in mammalian growth and development,organ regeneration and disease occurrence.Compared with the research of human medicine,the research of lncRNA in other mammals is still in its infancy.In this paper,the discovery,characteristic classification,mechanism of action and the latest research of lncRNA in human diseases and other mammalian muscle growth,hair follicle development and fat deposition are reviewed,in order to provide scientific basis for the further research of lncRNA in agricultural animals growth regulation.