西农萨能奶山羊乳脂肪酸性状影响因素分析

Analysis of Factors Affecting Milk Fatty Acid Traits of Xinong Saanen Dairy Goat

本研究旨在解析母羊出生年度、季节、胎次、泌乳阶段4个固定效应对西农萨能奶山羊乳脂肪酸性状的影响。选择2010—2017年出生的104只泌乳奶山羊,采用气相色谱仪测定实验个体羊奶中37种不同乳脂肪酸含量,采用固定效应模型,通过SAS 9.4软件的GLM过程进行统计分析。结果表明:西农萨能奶山羊乳脂肪酸以C16:0、C18:1n9c、C14:0、C18:0和C10:0为主,其中含量最高的为C16:0,达26.65%;饱和脂肪酸:不饱和脂肪酸为2.27:1,其中,单不饱和脂肪酸:多不饱和脂肪酸为15.52:1;泌乳阶段效应对乳脂肪酸含量影响显著,年度、季节、胎次效应对于乳脂肪酸组分影响较小。研究结果显示,泌乳阶段是影响西农萨能奶山羊乳脂肪酸性状的主要非遗传因素之一,泌乳早期的乳品质更优。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the four fixed effects of the does'birth year,birth season,parity and lactation stage on milk fatty acid traits of Xinong Saanen dairy goat.In this study,104 lactating does born from 2010 to 2017 in the breeding farm of Northwest A&F University were used as the research object,the content of the thirtyseven milk fatty acid in goat milk were obtained with the aid of a gas chromatography analyzer.A fixed-effect model was applied to perform statistical analysis through the GLM process of SAS 9.4 software.The results showed that the main fatty acids of Xinong Saanen dairy goat milk were C16:0,C18:1n9c,C14:0,C18:0 and C10:0,the highest content is C16:0,reaching 26.65%.SFA:UFA=2.27:1 and MUFA:PUFA=15.52:1;the lactation stage has a significant influence on the milk fatty acid content,the year,season,and parity have no significant effects on milk fatty acid concentrations.The research results show that the lactation stage effects are one of the main non-genetic factors that affect milk fatty acid traits of Xinong Saanen dairy goats,and the goat milk in early lactation period has the best quality.It provides a theoretical basis for subsequent genetic evaluation and gene mapping research on goat milk fatty acid content traits,and provides help for promoting the healthy and sustainable development of the dairy goat industry and improving the quality of dairy products.