多发性骨髓瘤循环miRNAs的研究进展及应用

Research progress and application of circulating miRNAs in multiple myeloma

多发性骨髓瘤(Multiple Myeloma,MM)是一种多发于中老年人群的恶性浆细胞肿瘤。近年来,随着新药的开发及造血干细胞移植的广泛应用,MM患者的生存时间明显延长,但仍旧不能治愈,几乎所有患者均会复发、难治、甚至不治。在MM发生发展以及治疗过程中,精准的预后分层、及时准确的疗效评估对临床诊治有着重要意义。MM细胞在骨髓内呈局灶性、不均匀分布的特点,基于单一位点骨髓穿刺,难以全面反映肿瘤特性。研究发现外周血循环miRNA是MM理想的生物标志物,可用于肿瘤早期筛查和监测肿瘤动态变化、肿瘤复发及对药物的敏感性。本文就MM的循环miRNA生物标志物的研究进展及应用进行综述。

Multiple myeloma(MM)is a kind of malignant plasma cell tumor usually occurring in middle-aged and old people.In recent years,with the development of new drugs and the widespread application of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,the survival of MM patients has been significantly extended,but MM still cannot be cured.Almost all patients will relapse,refractory or even die.In the course of MM development and treatment,accurate stratification of prognosis and timely accurate evaluation are of great significance for clinical diagnosis and treatment.MM cells are inhomogeneity localized in the bone marrow,so it is difficult to fully reflect the tumor characteristics based on a single site of bone marrow puncture.More and more researches indicate that circulating miRNAs in peripheral blood can be utilized to reflect the existence of early tumors,indicate the status and dynamic changes of tumors,as well as tumor recurrence and drug sensitivity,thus becoming an idea tumor biomarker.We review the progress and the application of circulating miRNA biomarkers in multiple myeloma.