庄仲方与桐城文章学

Zhuang Zhongfang and Tongcheng School's Article Study

嘉道年间,庄仲方与桐城后学有着密切的学术交往,其文章学观念也与桐城派存在着复杂的离合关系。道统观念上,庄仲方尊崇宋学,也认同桐城派兼宗汉学的主张,但桐城派强调根柢六经,有强烈的尚古倾向。文统观念上,庄氏突破桐城派所传承的以唐宋八家为主轴,上起先秦、两汉,下联明代归有光的文系边界,构建了上溯先秦、两汉,下迄金元明的文统体系,将北宋以还的各代名家均纳入谱系。文章价值观念上,庄氏彰显南宋文的价值,编纂《南宋文范》以成一代文选,并无桐城派的宗派成见,不独尊朱子一家。庄氏的理论观点与桐城派虽有契合之处,也保持自身的独特性,显示出一定的超前性,在清代文章学史上有重大的理论价值。

Zhuang Zhongfang has academic association with Tongcheng School in the period of Jiaqing and Daoguang. There is complicate relation between Zhuang Zhongfang’s views on article study and that of Tongcheng School. Zhuang Zhongfang highly values Song Learning and arrays himself with Han Learning. But Tongcheng School emphasises on the Six Confucian Classics and has a strong tendency towards antiquity. Tongcheng School structures the article system from the pre-Qin days, Former and Later Han dynasties to Gui Youguang in Ming Dynasty, which gives first place to the Top Eight Great Writers of the Tang and Song Dynasties. Breaking through in the old article system, Zhuang Zhongfang establishes a new article system from the pre-Qin days, Former and Later Han dynasties to Jin, Yuan, Ming Dynasty, including the famous writers after Song Dynastie. Zhuang Zhongfang compiles selected works of the South Song Dynasties to demonstrate the value of works of the South Song Dynasties and doesn’t only wordship Zhu Xi as Tongcheng School does. There are lots of same ideas between Tongcheng School’view and Zhuang Zhongfang’s, which is unique, advanced and has higher theoretical value in the history of article study in Qing Dynasty.