采用夸大检测技术进行精神障碍名称知晓问卷的编制

Development of the Mental Disorder Name Knowing Questionnaire(MDNKq) by using the overclaiming technique

目的:采用夸大检测技术编制精神障碍名称知晓问卷(MDNKq)。方法:问卷设置23个真实和虚假精神障碍条目,计算精神障碍知晓率、夸大率F、知晓度K和准确率A。收集有效样本506份,检验内部一致性信度、结构效度和众知群体效度;施测心理健康素养问卷(MHLS)检验聚合效度;间隔4周收集重测样本50份,检验重测信度。结果:排除F≥0.60样本后,精神障碍知晓率的夸大程度平均降低3.58%。探索性因子分析得到单一因子特征值为9.45,累计方差贡献率为52.52%,各条目因子载荷在0.49~0.82之间。K值和A值均与MHLS得分正相关(r=0.35-0.48,均P<0.01);参加过心理学系统学习人员的K值和A值均高于未参加过人员(均P<0.001),心理健康专业人员、心理健康相关人员的K值和A值高于普通公众(均P<0.001)。问卷的Cronbachα系数为0.94,K和A的重测信度分别为0.60和0.72。结论:精神障碍名称知晓问卷的效度和信度良好,可用于评估精神障碍知晓率及知识水平的群体差异。

Objective:To develop the Mental Disorder Name Knowing Questionnaire(MDNKq)by using the overclaiming technique.Methods:The questionnaire included 23 real or false mental disorders items,which could calculate various outcome indicators knowing rate,the Proportion of False Alarms(F),Knowing scores(K),and Accuracy index(A)of mental disorders.Participants(n=506)were recruited,and the internal consistency reliability,construct validity and known groups validity were examined.The convergent validity was examined with the Mental Health Literacy Scale(MHLS).Totally 50 re-tested samples were recruited after 4 weeks,and the re-tested reliability were examined.Results:The average degree of overclaiming of 18 mental disorders was reduced by3.58%to exclude the proportion of false alarms of 0.60.Exploratory factor analysis showed that the single factor characteristic value was 9.45,the cumulative variance contribution rate was 52.52%,and all item loadings were significant ranging from 0.49 to 0.82.The scores of K and A were positively correlated with scores of MHLS(r=0.35-0.48,Ps<0.01).The scores of K and A were higher in those participated the psychology system learning than in those without learning(Ps<0.001).The scores of K and A were higher in the mental health professionals and mental health related personnel than in the general public(Ps<0.001).The internal consistency reliability Cronbachαwas 0.94,and the re-tested reliabilities of the accuracy index and knowing score were 0.60 and0.72.Conclusion:The MDNKq has good validity and reliability,and could be used in assessing knowing rate and population-level differences in mental disorders knowledge.