土地转出能否提升农户消费?

Can Land Transfer Improve Household Consumption?

土地流转是统筹城乡发展、推动农业现代化的关键一环。随着农村土地流转工作的顺利开展,农户的消费观念和消费行为也在发生潜移默化的改变。本文从土地转出户视角出发,利用CFPS2018的数据,探究土地流转对农户消费的影响。结果显示:土地转出显著提高了农户家庭和个人的消费水平,在运用工具变量法和倾向得分匹配法克服内生性后,其结果依然显著;且土地流转程度越大,对消费的促进作用越明显。进一步研究发现,收入提升和收入风险降低是土地转出促进农户消费的影响机制。此外,土地转出对中高收入和存在流动性约束的农户家庭消费更加敏感,这也从侧面证实影响机制的稳健性。从消费结构看,土地转出对食品、家用设备、医疗、教育、居住和其他商品及服务等的影响显著,而对衣着、交通等消费不敏感。本文的研究结论为进一步深化农村土地制度改革、释放农村消费潜力提供了方向和思路。

Land transfer is a key link to promote the common development of urban and rural areas and agricultural modernization.With the smooth development of rural land transfer,the consumption concept and behavior of farmers are also changing imperceptible.This paper uses the data of CFPS2018 to explore the impact of land transfer on household consumption from the perspective of farmers who lease land.The results show that land transfer significantly improves the consumption level of households and individuals,and the results remain unchanged after using instrumental variable method and propensity score matching method to overcome endogeneity,and the greater the degree of land transfer,the more significant the promoting effect on consumption.Further study found that income increase and income risk reduction are the influencing mechanism of land transfer to promote household consumption.In addition,the land transfer is more sensitive to the household consumption of middle and high income or farmers with liquidity constraints,which also proves the robustness of the influence mechanism.From the perspective of consumption structure,land transfer has a significant impact on food,household equipment,medical care,education,housing and other goods and services,but is not sensitive to clothing and transportation.The conclusion of this paper provides direction and thinking for further deepening the reform of rural land system and releasing the potential of rural consumption.