史嵩之起复事件再探

A Study of the Re-appointment of Shi Songzhi

史嵩之在抗金、灭金、抗蒙过程中建立的军功,是其赖以入相的政治资本。在外部形势相对缓和之际,恰逢其父史弥忠去世,宋理宗次日即下诏起复史嵩之。由于此前朝臣对其评价不高和政见上有分歧,故而遭到朝臣与四学的强烈反对,指责其不孝与奸深。而宋理宗自端平入洛之后,相当支持与信任史嵩之,次日起复史嵩之即全是宋理宗的意见,但随着朝臣与四学利用天理、人心对其进行劝阻,宋理宗的态度开始发生转变,最后这一事件以史嵩之解官持服告终。由此可见,除去在起复时间上的不妥外,南宋外部形势的缓和、内部矛盾的激化和宋理宗态度的转变,才是史嵩之起复失败的真正原因。

The military contributions of Shi Songzhi(史嵩之)in the process of resisting against and the wiping out of the Jin(金),and the resisting against Mongolia were the political capital on which he relied.At the time of the relative relaxation of the external situation,Lizong(理宗)of the Song Dynasty issued a decree to re-appoint Shi Songzhi the day after the death of his father,Shi Mizhong(史弥忠).Due to the bad evaluation and dissents from the courtiers,Shi Songzhi was strongly opposed by the courtiers and the Four Schools,and was accused with unfilial piety and fraudulence.After Lizong entered Luo(洛)the in Duanping(端平)period,he supported and trusted Shi Songzhi in a great measure.It is Lizong’s decision to re-appoint Shi Songzhi.However,as the courtiers and Four Schools the use of heavenly principles and will of the human against this re-appointment,Lizong’s attitude began to change,and finally Shi Songzhi was dismissed from office.Thus it can be seen that in addition to the improper timing,the relaxation of the external situation in the Southern Song Dynasty,the intensification of internal contradictions and the change of the attitude of the Lizong are the real reasons for the failure of Shi Songzhi.