植物油助剂Aero-mate 320对植保无人机稻田低容量喷雾沉积利用率的提升效果及其机理分析

The mechanism and effect of the vegetable oil adjuvant Aero-mate 320 in improving the deposition utilization rate of pesticides applied by plant protection unmanned aerial vehicles in rice field

为明确添加植物油助剂Aero-mate 320对植保无人机施药体系的影响,评价其作为航空喷雾助剂的可行性,通过在15%甲维·茚虫威悬浮剂和325 g/L苯甲·嘧菌酯悬浮剂药液中添加0.3%、0.6%和1.0%的Aero-mate 320,测定并评估其对药液体系理化性质、抗蒸发性以及雾滴在水稻田沉积分布和沉积利用率的影响。结果表明,助剂Aero-mate 320的适量添加可以改善药液的理化性质,提高喷雾的均匀性,减少蒸发,增加雾滴在水稻冠层的覆盖及沉积,并能显著增加农药沉积利用率。其中,添加0.6%Aero-mate 320后药液的表面张力以及在水稻叶片上的接触角显著减小,分别降低13.3%和30.3%,黏附张力由-9.7 mN/m增加至9.1 mN/m,黏附功增加51.3%,药液更易润湿叶片;雾滴粒径显著增大,雾滴谱相对跨度显著变窄,雾滴分布更加均匀,小雾滴数量显著降低,减少了雾滴的飘移;对喷雾雾滴蒸发的抑制率为25.0%;同时药液在水稻冠层中的沉积密度和覆盖率增大,沉积量显著增加,农药沉积利用率增至66.8%。

In order to clarify the impact of vegetable oil adjuvants on plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) pesticide application system and evaluate whether it was suitable for aviation spray, the effects of 0.3%, 0.6% and 1.0% vegetable oil adjuvant Aero-mate 320 on physicochemical properties,evaporation resistance, deposition distribution and utilization rate of 15% emamectin·indoxacarb SC+325 g/L difenoconazole·azoxystrobin SC were determined and evaluated. The results showed that the proper addition of Aero-mate 320 could improve the physical-chemical properties of the pesticides, improve the uniformity of spray, reduce evaporation, increase the coverage and deposition of the liquid in the paddy fields, and significantly increase the utilization rate of pesticides. After adding 0.6% Aeromate 320, both the surface tension of the pesticides and the contact angle on rice leaves reduced significantly, by 13.3% and 30.3%, respectively. The adhesion tension changed from-9.7 mN/m to 9.1 mN/m,the adhesion work increased by 51.3%, and the liquid could wet the leaves more easily. Besides, after adding Aero-mate 320, the droplet sizes increased significantly, the relative span narrowed significantly,the distribution of these droplets was more uniform on the leaf surfaces, and both the proportion of small droplets and droplet drifts were reduced significantly. The inhibition rate of spray evaporation was25.0%. The pesticide deposition density and coverage rate of leaf surfaces in rice canopy increased, the pesticide deposition amount increased significantly, and pesticide deposition utilization increased up to66.8%.