某医院头部伽玛刀应用辐射污染及防治措施研究

Research on Radiation Pollution and Preventive Measures in the Application of Gamma Knife to Head in a Hospital

为降低医学治疗的放射危害,指导医护人员及患者做好放射防护,以某医院为例,分析了头部伽玛刀机房辐射污染源。指出医院头部伽玛刀主要辐射风险因素:门-机联锁装置失效,工作人员和公众误留治疗室内,人为失误,通风系统失灵,放射源脱落,医疗照射不正当,未进行质量控制检测。提出医院头部伽玛刀辐射污染的防治措施,以满足辐射防治要求,提高风险意识,保证诊疗质量和放射防护安全,实现放射防护的最优化。

In order to reduce the radiation hazards of medical treatment and guide medical staff and patients to do radiation protection,taking a hospital as an example,the source of radiation pollution in the head gamma knife machine room was analyzed.This paper points out the main radiation risk factors of the hospital head gamma knife:door-machine interlocking device failure,staff and the public leaving the treatment room by mistake,human error,ventilation system failure,radioactive source falling off,improper medical exposure and no quality control test.It puts forward the prevention and control measures of the hospital head gamma knife radiation pollution to meet the requirements of radiation prevention,improve risk awareness,ensure the quality of diagnosis and treatment and the safety of radiation protection,and realize the optimization of radiation protection.